气象温湿度因子与蚕病发生的初步探索     

焦金儿  吴雄伟  常素萍  刘强军  杜建华 《山西气象》2007,(1):9-11

蚕病是蚕农在养蚕过程中最顾忌的,2005年着重对养蚕过程中蚕病发生与温度、湿度问题进行定点对比试验。分析了温湿度与蚕病发生直接和间接的关系,提出了相应的生产调节措施。  相似文献   

北京地区PM₁₀浓度空间分布特征的综合变分分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

程兴宏徐祥德  陈尊裕丁国安李成才  翁永辉 《应用气象学报》2007,18(2):165-172

利用2003年10月北京地区PM₁₀浓度流动观测资料和同期MODIS AOD(Aerosol Optical Depth)高分辨率遥感资料，采用卫星遥感地面观测变分订正处理方法，综合分析了北京地区PM₁₀浓度的空间分布特征以及机动车排放的影响效应。动态观测试验结果表明:北京城区大部分为轻污染区, 北京近郊区PM₁₀浓度高值区沿环路呈环状分布，其中北京西南部、南部和东北部污染较严重，北京城郊街区PM₁₀的空间分布受机动车排放的影响较大。MODIS卫星遥感资料分析表明:北京城区及近郊区AOD值较远郊区高得多，AOD空间分布场中存在虚假高值区，AOD非均匀分布特征不明显。采取点面结合综合观测研究思路，运用卫星遥感地面观测综合变分分析方法，可以取得客观订正的显著效果。经地面实测PM₁₀浓度变分订正后的AOD变分场可以较高分辨率信息描述北京地区AOD的非均匀分布特征，弥补地面PM₁₀浓度观测的缺陷。  相似文献   

大到暴雪天气模型及数值产品释用预报方法   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

常军  李祯  布亚林  李素萍  刘莎 《气象与环境科学》2007,30(3):54-56

用欧洲数值预报产品格点资料,对1986年11月-2002年3月河南省出现的87个大到暴雪个例进行对比分析,将大到暴雪划分为3个类型,即高原低槽型、阻高-横槽型和L型,对每个型进行合成平均,建立了大到暴雪的天气学概念模型.为提高样本中大到暴雪的概率,先将样本进行消空处理,然后选取物理意义清晰、天气学意义明确的预报因子,分别建立了全省分片大到暴雪1-7 d预报方法,在业务试应用中取得了较好的预报效果.  相似文献   

河南夏季高温气候特征及500 hPa环流型   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

常军  李素萍  余卫东  孔剑君 《气象科技》2007,35(6):776-780

对河南省40个代表站1961～2005年45年夏季大于等于35℃高温日数进行经验正交函数(EOF)展开分析。方差累积贡献率和空间分布特征显示,前3个典型场基本能反映河南夏季高温日数分布的主要特征,前3个模态的累积方差贡献率达85%,据此得出河南夏季大于等于35℃高温日数的时空分布类型:全省一致型、西北—东南差异型和西南—东北差异型。第1模态对应的时间系数序列的变化幅度最大,第2模态对应的时间系数序列的变化幅度比前一个时间序列要小,第1模态的时间系数演变显示,河南夏季高温日数平均呈减少的趋势,且存在2～4年、8～14年的周期变化,目前河南夏季高温日数正处于偏多的时段。应用逐日20:00500hPa ECMWF北半球格点资料,对1991～2005年15年河南典型的大面积持续高温下的环流形势进行普查、分类,分别求各种类型下的环流平均场,从而得到河南省高温的两种环流型,即贝加尔湖高压型和副热带高压型。  相似文献   

Reliability Analyses of Anomalies of NCEP/NCAR Reanalyzed Wind Speed and Surface Air Temperature in Climate Change Research in China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

SHI Xiaohui  XU Xiangde  XIE Li''an 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2007,21(3):320-333

By means of varied statistical methods,such as normalized root mean square error(RMSE),correlation analysis,empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition,etc.,the reliability of the varied seasonal anomalies of NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed wind speed and surface air temperature(SAT)data frequently used in the climate change research in China is studied.Results show that RMSEs of meteorological variables are smaller in eastern China than in western China,i.e.,the reliability of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis in eastern China is better than that in western China.This could be due to effects of the topography in the reanalysis model and the disposition of"dense-in-eastern-and-sparse-in-western"of meteorological stations in China. The RMSE of anomalies of reanalyzed wind speeds decreases with increasing height,further confirming the possible impact of topography on reliability of reanalysis.Results of correlation analysis inversely correspond to those of RMSE analysis,i.e.,if the RMSE is larger,the correlation between reanalyzed and observed data is worse,and vice versa.It is found from comparing the EOF eigenvectors of anomaly of reanalyzed and observed data that if a meteorological variable has smaller RMSE,the spatial patterns of corresponding EOF eigenvectors of anomaly of reanalyzed and observed data are similar and their time coefficients are significantly correlated,and vice versa.Therefore,the similarity of EOF modes and the consistency of their time coefficients can be used to objectively assess the reliability of the reanalysis.On the whole,the reliability of the reanalyzed wind speed is better in spring,summer,and autumn,but worse in winter;and for the reanalyzed SAT,it is the best in winter and the worst in summer.  相似文献   

东亚冬季风年代际变化可能成因的模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

施晓晖  徐祥德 《应用气象学报》2007,18(6):776-782

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均海平面气压资料, 定义了一个东亚冬季风强度指数 (I_WI), 并发现20世纪60年代到70年代初期东亚冬季风强度减弱, 其后冬季风强度有所增强, 80年代初期以后东亚冬季风强度又开始减弱。年代际时间尺度上, 冬季陆地表面气温与I_WI的相关性比海洋与I_WI相关性好, 冬季大陆东部的年代际增温与东亚冬季风的年代际减弱之间可能存在密切的联系。利用区域气候模式 (RegCM3) 进行敏感性数值模拟试验发现:减小冬季东亚大陆东北部的长波辐射降温率, 将导致东西向海平面气压差的减小以及低层北风减弱, 反映了东亚冬季风的减弱。近40年来, 特别是20世纪80年代以后东亚冬季风的年代际减弱趋势很可能是东亚区域气候对温室效应的一种区域响应。  相似文献   

Tectonic evolution of Korean Peninsula and adjacent crustal fragments in Asia: Introduction     

Chang Whan Oh  K. Sajeev  Sung Won Kim  M. Santosh 《Gondwana Research》2006,9(1-2):19

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Reservoir operation using grey fuzzy stochastic dynamic programming     

Fi‐John Chang  Shyh‐Chi Hui  Yen‐Chang Chen 《水文研究》2002,16(12):2395-2408

This paper presents an optimal regulation programme, grey fuzzy stochastic dynamic programming (GFSDP), for reservoir operation. It is composed of a grey system, fuzzy theory and dynamic programming. The grey system represents data by covering the whole range without loss of generality, and the fuzzy arithmetic takes charge of the rules of reservoir operation. The GFSDP deals with the multipurpose decision‐making problem by fuzzy optimization theorem. The practicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach is tested on the operation of the Shiman reservoir in Taiwan. The current M5 operating rule curves of this reservoir also are evaluated. The simulation results demonstrate that this new approach, in comparison with the M5 rule curves, has superior performance with regard to the total water deficit and number of monthly deficits. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The mean oceanic residence time     

Chen-Ping Chang  Lian-Sen Liu  Chen-Tung Chen 《Marine Chemistry》1982,11(3):293-295

In this note the significance of heat of hydration and electronegativity in the study of oceanic residence times of elements is discussed.  相似文献   

VLF input impedance of a loop antenna embedded in the magnetosphere     

T.N.C. Wang  C.D. Chang 《Planetary and Space Science》1973,21(10):1810-1815

An analysis is made to calculate input impedance of a loop antenna for radiation of the VLF whistler mode in the magnetosphere. The magnetosphere is assumed to be represented by a cold, uniform and collisionless magnetoplasma medium. Assuming a uniform current distribution of a circular loop, oriented at an arbitrary angle with respect to the Earth's magnetic field line, several closed-form expressions for the loop impedance have been derived. It is found that the loop input reactance is in substantial agreement with the self-inductance of a loop in free space and that the radiation resistance for a small loop can be as large as ～10 ² Ω. It is also found that a second order quasi-static theory is quite valid for determining the input impedance for small loops radiating VLF whistlers in the magnetosphere.  相似文献